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Gay, lesbian, and bisexual
architects, designers, and patrons have made substantial and diverse
contributions to Architecture and Interior Design,
though the impact of sexual orientation on building design is unclear. |
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The Arts and Crafts Movement
arose as a reaction against nineteenth-century industrialism. The
movement emphasized handcrafted, decorative designs and created guilds
of artisans that have been seen as homosocial. |
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 Bryan Batt (b. 1963) is a veteran stage
actor best known today for his role as Salvatore Romano in the hit television series Mad Men. Batt and his
partner have also applied their interest and talents in interior design as the proprietors of Hazelnut,
a New Orleans home accessories store. |
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William Beckford (1760-1844) was a spectacularly wealthy English writer, collector, and connoisseur. His novel Vathek (1786)
is an important contribution to literary Gothicism, while Fonthill Abbey,
an enormous home he commissioned, was an influential early example of Gothic Revival architecture. |
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Erté (Romain de Tirtoff) (1892-1990) was one of the most innovative designers
of the twentieth century. He is best known for his fashion designs and lithographs, but he influenced interior design and home furnishings as well.
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 Duncan Grant (1885-1978) was a British artist
who has been described as the sexual catalyst of the Bloomsbury circle. Grant co-founded the Omega Workshops, which influenced home decor
and design in the United Kingdom.
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 Eileen Gray (1878-1976) was a renowned
designer of furniture, rugs, and lacquered screens. She also gained fame as
an architect who designed elegant, spare residences. |
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 William "Billy" Haines (1900-1973)
enjoyed a Hollywood career as a star and leading man, but was dropped by MGM because he refused to conceal his homosexuality.
Following the abrupt end of his acting career, Haines began a second and became a star of interior design. The glamorous "Hollywood
Regency" style he pioneered was much sought by movie stars and other wealthy patrons.
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Richard Halliburton (1900-1939) was an American adventurer and travel writer
who commissioned "Hangover House," a landmark of modernist architecture in Laguna Beach, California,
designed by William Alexander Levy, who was involved in an affair with both Halliburton and his lover.
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Frank Israel (1945-1996) imbibed the
influence of modernist architects but developed his own urban
architectural style. One of the most extravagantly gifted
architects of his generation, Israel died in 1996 of AIDS-related
complications. |
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 Philip Johnson (1906-2005) was a
dominating force in twentieth-century American architecture. His frequent
reinventions of himself and his refusal to dogmatically adhere to the principles of any single architectural style
make his work both interesting and controversial.
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 William Ivey Long (b. ca 1947) is an
acclaimed costume designer who is also well known for his architectural restoration and preservation projects.
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 Julia Morgan (1872-1957), the
first woman architect to be registered in California, designed more
than 700 buildings. She is most remembered as the architect of San
Simeon, the Hearst Castle north of Los Angeles. |
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James Ogilvy, Earl of Findlater (1750-1811) enjoyed a
considerable inheritance that allowed him to pursue his passions for landscape architecture and philanthropy. He is particularly remembered for
promoting the English landscape garden on the European mainland, especially in Germany.
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Charles Percier (1764-1838) and
Pierre Fontaine (1762-1853) were among the founders of the
neoclassic Empire style. The two French architects were devoted
to each other throughout their lives. |
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Lionel H. Pries (1897-1968) was a noted architect and artist who is
remembered for his legendary teaching career at the University of Washington. His career was cut short when the university president
fired him in 1958 because of his homosexuality.
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 Paul Rudolph (1918-1977) was one
of the most esteemed American architects of the 1960s. He
developed an exaggeratedly masculine Brutalist aesthetic, though the
extent to which his homosexuality affected his designs is difficult to
determine. |
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 Gianni Versace (1946-1997) won
acclaim not only as a fashion designer, but also for his homeware collections.
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 Horace Walpole (1717-1797) is remembered for his novel
The Castle of Otranto (1764), which almost single-handedly instituted the Gothic novel vogue, and for Strawberry Hill, a mansion he built that
anticipated the Gothic Revival architectural style by decades. |
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 Elsie de Wolfe (1865-1950) was an actress and interior decorator who
helped create and popularize the interior design profession. She was also a central figure in an elite lesbian enclave in New York City.
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