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Architecture & Architects

 
  Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender architects have made substantial and diverse contributions to architecture, though the impact of sexual orientation on building design is unclear.

Philip Johnson's
Philip Johnson's "Glass House"

The Arts and Crafts Movement arose as a reaction against nineteenth century industrialism. The movement emphasized handcrafted, decorative designs and created guilds of artisans which have been seen as homosocial.

Eileen Gray (1878-1976), a renowned designer of furniture, rugs, and lacquered screens also gained fame as an architect who designed elegant, spare residences.

Frank Israel (1945-1996) imbibed the influence of modernist architects, but developed his own urban architectural style. One of the most extravagantly gifted architects of his generation, Israel died in 1996 of AIDS-related complications.

Philip Johnson (b. 1906) is a dominating force in American architecture. He has  frequently reinvented himself during his long career.

Julia Morgan (1872-1957), the first woman architect to be registered in California, designed more than 700 buildings. She is most remembered as the architect of San Simeon, the Hearst Castle north of Los Angeles.

Charles Percier (1764-1838) and Pierre Fontaine (1762-1853) were among the founders of the neoclassic Empire style.  The two French architects were devoted to each other throughout their lives.

 

 
 
  Paul Rudolph (1918-1977) was one of the most esteemed American architects of the 1960s. He developed an exaggeratedly masculine Brutalist aesthetic, though the extent to which his homosexuality affected his designs is difficult to determine.  
   
Photo Credits:  Philip Johnson's "Glass House"  by Wayne Andrews courtesy Northwestern University Library Art Collection.  Empress' chamber by Percier and Fontaine courtesy McCormick Library of Special Collections, Northwestern University.
 
 
 

 
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